当代白族居家庭院装饰艺术探析

The Decoration Art of Contemporary Bai Nationality Courtyard

白族居家建筑因深受中原汉文化影响,逐渐发展形成"三坊一照壁"、"四合五天井"的独立庭院,有纵向、横向拼连或双向拓展的多院落组合形式。在有限的庭院空间中进行装饰、彩绘、植物绿化或摆放盆景花卉,形成了丰富的庭院文化。该文从装饰艺术角度出发,针对大理张家花园中的鹿鹤同春院、西洋红院、镜花园等庭院,深入分析其装饰彩绘、木石雕刻、地面铺装、植物绿化等艺术特点,总结探讨建筑空间构成、庭院装饰与园林绿化的多元融合,以表达白族居民对"花荫密,竹影疏,月光照临,如积水空明"的淡雅宁静、书香世第之生活追求。

Influenced by the Han culture from central plains, Bai courtyard houses gradually developed the single courtyard of 'three lanes, one cliff, four in five patios',and multi-yard combination of vertical and horizontal joint, or double directions expansion. In the limited courtyard space,t he decoration, color pai nti ng, pla nt greening or the arrangement of bonsai f lowers, for med a plentiful courtyard culture. From the angle of the decorative arts, we deeply analyze the artistic features of decorative painting, wood stone carving pavement installation, plant landscaping in Dali zhangjia garden’s Luhetongchun garden, Xiyanghong garden and Jinghua garden. Then we summarize the multicultural integration of architectural space composition, courtyard decoration and landscaping, in order to express the Bai nationality people’s pursuit of elegant quiet and literary family, just as 'the flowers are thickly shaded, the bamboo shadows are sparse, when the moonlight shine in the courtyard, it is clear and bright as water'.