植食性昆虫与非寄主植物的关系及在害虫管理中的应用

Relationships between Herbivorous Insects and Non-host Plants and its Application in Pest Management Practice

利用行为活性物质调节害虫在农田的分布型,是实现'两减一增'可持续农业的关键。本文首先概述了昆虫与非寄主植物的关系,重点讨论了致死性诱集植物的案例及其进化学解释;然后论述了行为活性植物及其组分在农业害虫管理中的应用途径,包括模拟自然生态系统的农业间作系统设计,利用高秆作物构成物理屏障、利用信息化合物辅助或遗传改良的诱集植物富集害虫种群、利用驱除害虫产卵或干扰寄主搜索的活性成分、将昆虫行为的正面影响成分和负面影响成分结合形成Push-pull体系等应用途径;最后讨论了这些技术在农作物害虫防治中应当注意的问题。

The regulation of distribution pattern of insect pests by using behavioral-active components is the prerequisite of fulfillment of the concept of'Reductive using of pesticides and fertilizers while obtained high yield'.This paper firstly outlined the relationship between insect and non-host plant,focused on several cases of dead-end trap crop as well as their evolutionary explaination.Secondly,we discussed on the application approaches of natural bio-active components derived from plants and insect pests in pest management,including design of intercropping system mimicing natural eco-system,plantation of tall-stem plants around crop fields as barrier,aggregating of pest population using info-chemical aided or genetically modified trap crops,application of oviposition-deterring compounds or host-location disruptants,establishment of push-pull systems combined positive components and negative components.Filanny,we discussed on problems should be paid atttention during the application of these technologies in agricultural practice.