砂梨种质资源花粉量及花粉萌发率的遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity of pollen quantity and pollen germinating of sand pear germplasm

为明确砂梨种质资源花粉的遗传多样性,离体条件下对455份砂梨种质资源的花粉量及花粉萌发率进行检测和分析。结果表明:砂梨不同种质资源的花粉量和花粉萌发率有较大差异,单个花药花粉量变幅为0~41 875粒,花粉萌发率变幅为0~96.11%。砂梨花粉特性的平均变异系数为66.37,平均遗传多样性指数为1.95。不同砂梨种质资源的平均变异系数为国内选育品种(67.12)>地方品种(64.58)>国外引进(61.08),平均遗传多样性指数为地方品种(1.95)>国内选育品种(1.89)>国外引进品种(1.81)。不同省(区)地方品种的平均变异系数变幅为53.51~95.90,以广西壮族自治区较高,福建省最低;平均遗传多样性指数在1.55~1.88之间,以湖北省较高,江西省最低。

To study the genetic diversity of pollens of sand pear germplasm,pollens quantity and pollens germination of 455 sand pear germplasm were investigated in vitro.The results showed that there were significant variations on the quantity of the total pollens and germination rate among the sand pear germplasm,ranging from 0to 41 875 grains per anther and from 0to 96.11%,respectively.The average coefficient variation and genetic diversity index was 66.37 and 1.95 of pollen characteristics.The average variation coefficient of different sand pear germplasm was in the order of China improved lines(67.12)>landraces(64.58)>foreign breeding cultivars(61.08).The average genetic diversity index was in the order of landraces(1.95)>China improved lines(1.89)>foreign breeding cultivars(1.81).The average coefficient variation of landraces in different provinces(regions)ranged from 53.51 to 95.90,with the highest in Guangxi and the lowest in Fujian.The genetic diversity index was between 1.55and1.88,with the highest in Hubei and the lowest in Jiangxi.