摘要
随着"汉语热"的兴起,越来越多人开始学习汉语,接触中华文化。对于以汉语作为第二语言的学习者来说,其最大的困难在于汉字的学习。汉字是表意文字。在六书中,形声是最能产的一种造字法,同时也是学习者们最容易习得但又最容易出现偏误的一类汉字。因此汉字教学尤其是形声字的教学是对外汉语教学的重中之重。然而汉语在自身发展过程中形成了许多地域方言,在上古声母的保留方面,尤其是大多北方地区的方言已经与普通话趋同,而闽粤方言区则保留得较为完整,为整理与研究工作留下了宝贵的例证。现如今许多形声字声符的读音已发生变化,这给对外汉语的教学带来了较大的困难。而将闽东方言中以福州话为例的上古声母保留现象运用于对外汉语的教学,能够帮助留学生们更好地学习和掌握。这里将以《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》中的甲级字为例作分析和统计。
With the rise of"Chinese fever",more and more people begin to learn Chinese and Chinese culture.The most difficult thing for the people who learn Chinese as a second language is learning Chinese characters.Chinese characters are ideograph.In the six categories of Chinese characters,pictophonetic accounts for the most parts of Chinese characters,though it is the easiest kind of Chinese characters for students,at the same time,it is the most prone to make errors.Therefore,Chinese characters teaching especially the phonetic teaching is of the great importance on foreign language teaching.However during the time of Chinese own development,it formed many regional dialects,for the reservation of the ancient initials,especially mostly northern dialects have convergence with the Mandarin,however,Fujian dialects and Guangdong dialects are preserved more complete,which left a valuable example for the collation and research work.Now many sound symbols pronunciation of the phonetic have changed,which brings difficulties for foreign language teaching.While dialects of the eastern part of Fujian,which use Fuzhou dialect as an example for retention phenomenon of ancient initials used in foreign language teaching,in order to help foreign students to learn and master better.On this thesis,I will use the first grade in the Chinese language proficiency level and the outline of the Chinese characters as the case for analyzing and statiscal.
