宋高宗在杭州——纪念南宋定都杭州880周年

Emperor Gaozong of Song in Hangzhou: An Essay to Commemorate the Transfer of Capital City to Hangzhou 880 Years Ago

宋高宗赵构是宋徽宗的第九个儿子,他生于开封,长于开封。'靖康之变',徽、钦二帝被掳北去,使宋朝遭遇到了一场空前的大灾难,但赵构却因祸得福,登上了皇位。在金兵的追击下,他步步南逃,最后在杭州(后改名临安府)站稳了脚跟,并以它作为都城,从而与杭州结下了终生之缘。虽然,绍兴前期,在金兵的威胁下,面对险象环生的局面,使他患上了'恐金病',犯有屈辱求和、杀害岳飞等罪行。但是,在他统治的36年间,对南宋的建立和社会政治、经济、文化的发展,对杭州的繁荣,都有一定贡献。主要表现在能够吸取北宋灭亡的历史教训,做到节省民力,减少兴作,抑制佛教泛滥。同时比较关心都下民生,自己的生活也尚称俭朴,晚年'禅位'孝宗,颇有积极意义,而生活却渐见奢侈。从总体而言,高宗仍不失为一个功大于过的历史人物。

Zhao Gou,Emperor Gaozong of Song,born and grew up in capital city Kaifeng,was the 9 th son of Emperor Huizong.He took the throne by accident during the Jinkang Incident when the two emperors Hui and Qin were captured by the Kindom of Jin.Facing the attack from the Jin,Emperor Gaozong fled to the south and made Hangzhou(Renamed Lin’an later)the capital city.During his 36-year governance,he made great contributions to the prosperity of Hangzhou as well as the establishment and further development of Southern Song Dynasty.Despite his timidity and mistakes such as submission to Jin and killing Yuefei(the patriot and folk hero at his time),his merits and contributions mainly lie in curbing the flooding of Buddhism,saving national wealth and labor,as well as attaching great importance to people’s well-being.In general,the achievements of Emperor Gaozong of Song outweigh his mistakes.