血培养中病原菌的分布与耐药性分析

Blood Culture Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria

目的研究探讨血培养中病原菌的分布情况,并分析其耐药性。方法整群选取临床送检的5 010份血标本为研究对象,做常规血培养,并对培养阳性标本中的病原菌进行分离和鉴别,统计不同菌株的耐药情况。结果 5 010份血液标本经血培养共获得病原菌498株,血培养阳性率为9.9%。其中,革兰氏阴性菌检出率最高,为51.2%,常见菌株对亚胺培南和美罗培南耐药性较低,革兰氏阳性菌(38.2%)则对替加环素、万古霉素、利奈唑胺均无显著耐药性,常见真菌(10.6%)对大部分药物耐药性都比较低。结论血培养阳性的病原菌以革兰氏阴性菌为主,对多数常见药物都有耐药性,临床治疗过程中要以病原菌鉴别、耐药结果为实验依据提高用药合理性。

Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogens in blood cultures and analyze their drug resistance. Methods Selected 5010 clinical inspection blood samples for the study, and gave routine blood culture, and culture-positive pathogens were separated and identified, and gave statistical analysis of drug resistance of different strains. Results From the 5010 blood samples of blood cultures, 498 pathogens were obtained, and positive rate of blood culture was 9.9%. Among them, the detection rate of Gram-negative bacteria was highest, accounted for 51.2%. The drug resistant of common strains to imipenem and meropenem were low, and the drug resistence of Gram-positive bacteria(38.2%) to tigecycline, vancomycin and linezolid was not significant, and the drug resistance of common fungus(10.6%) to most drugs are relatively low. Conclusion Blood culture-positive pathogens are mainly Gram-negative bacteria, and have drug resistance to most common drugs. And clinical treatment should be according to the results of identification and drug resistance of the pathogen, in order to improve the reasonability of drug treatment.