医院获得性呼吸道感染相关因素的调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis on the Relevant Factors of Nosocomial Respiratory Infection

目的 调查和分析医院获得性呼吸道感染的相关因素 ,探讨有效控制和降低呼吸道感染发病率的措施。方法 采用回顾性调查方法对我院普外科 2 0 0 0年 1月～ 12月 14 8例医院获得性呼吸道感染病例进行调查、统计和分析。结果 医院获得性呼吸道感染以下呼吸道感染为主 ,好发于外科老年患者 ,多与机体抵抗力下降、手术创伤、气管内麻醉插管、细菌菌群变迁及细菌耐药等因素有关。结论 加强围手术期处理和口腔管理 ,严格加强病区环境和呼吸道侵入性器械的管理 ,认真遵守无菌原则和合理应用抗菌药物 。

Objective To explore the effective control and reduction of the incidence of nosocomical respiratory infection. Method An investigation and analysis in retrospect were made in 148 patients who got respiratory infection during the period of Jan to Dec. 2000 in our general surgical wards. Results The most susceptible site of in patient respiratory infection was the lower respiratory tract. Old surgical patients have high risk of infection due to lowered resistance to microorganisms, tracheal intubation, bacterial variation, and bacterial tolerance to drugs. Conclusion Enhancing management of surgical patients during hospitalization, evironmental monitoring, less invasive manipulation and rational use of antibiotics are effective measure to decrease the incidence of nosocomial respiratory infection.