经寰椎侧块和枢椎峡部内固定的解剖学基础

Anatomical basis study of screw fixation through lateral mass of atlas and transpedicle of axis

目的:对寰枢椎进行应用解剖学测量,为临床应用寰椎侧块和枢椎峡部螺钉的植入方法提供依据.方法:用游标卡尺和量角器测量50例(100侧)C1和C2干骨标本.结果:C1侧块的外缘高度为19mm,内缘高度9.5mm;上下关节面的宽度分别是10mm和15mm,长度是23mm和27～28mm;侧块角22°;椎弓根宽度为10.6mm;椎弓根中点至后弓结节的距离为25mm;侧块外缘至后弓结节的垂直距离为22mm.C2峡部的宽度为8mm,高度8.5mm;峡部纵轴角15°;峡部-侧块长度22mm.结论:解剖学测量结果提示寰椎侧块和枢椎峡部行螺钉置入是可行的.

Objective:To provide the anatomical data for lateral mass fixation of atlas and transpedicular fixation of axis.Method:50 dry atlas(C1) and axis(C2)vertebral specimens were measured.Result:The parameters included the height(outer edge 19mm,inner edge 9.5mm),the width(upper joint face 10mm,lower joint face 15mm) and the length(upper joint face 23mm,lower joint face 27mm) of lateral mass of C1,the 'pedicle' width of C1(10.6mm),and the distance from posterior arch to the mid of 'the pedicle'(25mm) and to outer edge of lateral mass(22mm) of C1,the longitudinal direction angle of lateral mass to sagittal plane was 22°.The height,width and length of the pedicle isthmus of C2 was 8.5mm,8mm and 22mm,the pedicle direction angle to sagittal plane was 15°.Conclusion:These anatomical data can be helpful for lateral mass screwing of C1 and transpedicular screwing of C2.