1Mandel IM, Kambach BJ, Petersilge CA, et al. Morphologic considerations of C2 isthmus dimensions for the placemant of transarticular screws[J].Spine,2000,25(12): 1542-1547.
2Ebraheim NA,Fow J, Xu R, et al. The location of the pedicle and pars interarticularis in the axis[J].Spine,2001,26(4): E34-37.
3Zsolcza S, Pentelenyi T. The modern approach of Hangman's fracture[J].Acta Chir Hung, 1990,31(1): 3-24.
4Samaha C,Lazennec JY, Laporte C,et al. Hangman's fracture:the relationship between asymmetry and instability [J].J Bone Joint Surg(Br),2000,82(7): 1046-1052.
5Choi WG, Vishteh AG, Baskin JJ,et al. Completely dislocated Hangman's fracture with a locked C2-3 facet. Case report[J].JNeurosurg, 1997,87(5):757-560.
6Arand M,Hartwig E,Kinzl L,et al. Spinal navigation in cervical fractures-a preliminary clinical study on Judet-osteosynthesis of the axis[J].Comput Aided Surg,2001,6(3):170-175.
7Verheggen R,Jansen J. Hangman's fracture: arguments in favor of surgical therapy for type Ⅱ and Ⅲ according to Edwards and Levine[J].Surg Neurol,1998,49(3):253-261.
8Matsumoto S, Yamamoto T, Ban S, et al. An unusual type of Hangman's fracture with cord compression:a case report[J].Surg Neurol, 1994,41 (4):322-324.
9Muller EJ,Wick M,Muhr G. Traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis: treatment rationale based on the stability of the different fracture types[J].Eur Spine J,2000,9(2):123-128.
10Teo EC, Paul JP, Evans JH,et al. Biomechanical study of C2 (Axis) fracture:effect of restraint[J].Ann Acad Med Singapore,2001,30(6):582-587.