气垫调压室模型律和减压试验

Modeling law and tests of pressure reduction for air-cushion pressure-regulating chambers

气垫式调压室的优点很多 ,目前国内尚未修建 ,缺乏工程运行经验。为了掌握气室水力过渡特性 ,积累气室设计 ,运行经验 ,本文以减压模型为试验主要研究手段 ,系统地论述了气室水力过渡基本方程 ,减压模型相似律 ,模型设计和试验条件。通过试验取得了气室水力过渡的压力 ,水位波动过程和稳定等项资料 ,并为结合工程确定了合理的气室布置方案。

The air-cushion pressure-regulating chamber is superior to generally-accepted chambers. This type of chambers has not been in practical use in China up to now. In order to gain deeper insight into the characteristics of hydraulic transients in the chamber and to get background experiences of designing and operating the chamber, model tests were conducted. The related basic equations governing the hydraulic transients and the similarity law for the model test were described. The model design and test conditions were outlined. From the tests various fundamental data were obtained, including the fluctuation hydrographs of the pressure and water levels, their stability, etc, for the chamber. Further more reasonable layout for the chambers was determined in pratical use.