GPS技术在杭州湾跨海大桥首级控制网测量中的应用

The primary level GPS control surveying and crucial technology of the Hangzhou Bay Major Bridge

应用GPS技术对杭州湾跨海大桥进行首级控制网测量,结果表明:(1)合理布设GPS控制网,并采用设置深桩固埋测量标志、增加有效观测时间、加强数据可靠性与精确性的检验、选择科学及合理的坐标系统等方法,可提高观测数据的质量和精度。同时,对观测数据采用Bernese高精度基线处理软件和精密星历进行基线解算、网平差和坐标转换,保证了杭州湾跨海大桥首级控制网的精度在厘米级之内,使成果的质量达到优良。(2)Bernese基线数据的闭合环及复测基线的检核表明:同步环、异步环闭合差量值及复测基线互差量值全部符合限差要求,且在允许值的1/3以内的基线环数分别占93.3%、77.7%和100%,其成果精度达到优良。(3)GPS控制网的控制点点位的中误差全部满足±20mm的技术设计要求,并且有96.6%的控制点点位中误差在限差的1/3范围以内,精度较高。使用精密星历和广播星历两种不同的数据处理方法进行数据处理,其坐标互差吻合得较好,全部互差值均在限差允许值的1/2范围以内,且使用精密星历计算的成果精度明显高于使用广播星历计算的成果精度。

This paper adopted GPS surveying technology to survey the primary level GPS control network of the Hangzhou Bay Major Bridge, the result indicated that:(1)There are some ways\|constructing deep stake stable mark, adding efficient surveying time, reinforced checking the quality and precision of the data, and establishing a rational coordinate system\|to improve the precision. Meanwhile, this paper handled the data with the high precision software Bernese, the precise Star Calendar and transferring coordinate, then ensured that the precision was under a decimeter. Afterward a sound effect was achieved.(2)The close ring of the Bernese base\|line data and the examination of the reconveyed base\|line showed that all numeric difference of the synchronous ring, the unsynchronous ring and the base\|line were under the restriction. Furthermore, the ring number of the base\|lines those precisions under the 1/3 restriction were 933%, 777% and 100% respectively, and the results were excellent.(3)All the control points medium errors of the GPS network were under the restriction(02 mm).Moreover, the precision of the 966% control points were under 667 mm. The difference between the result from the Precise Star Calendar and the result from the Broadcasting Star Calendar was insignificant that it was under the half of the restriction. The result from the Precise Star Calendar was clear superiority than the result from the Broadcasting Star Calendar.