三峡库区消落带土地整理利用——以重庆市开县为例

A Study on Land Consolidation and Utilization of the Water-level-Fluctuating Zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir——A Case Study of Kaixian County, Chongqing City

三峡工程建成后随水库年度运行将在库区两岸形成垂直落差30m的永久性消落带,最大出露面积达11000hm2,通过各种途径开展土地整理,合理利用消落区内土地资源不仅可在一定程度上缓解人地矛盾,而且对于改善库区生态环境也有积极意义。重庆市开县消落带土地面积达4250hm2,利用潜力巨大,且其开发利用模式极具代表性。在总结国内水库消落带利用的成功经验基础上,结合开县实际,提出4种消落带土地整理利用模式,即工程防护模式、季节性农耕模式、生物工程模式、水产养殖模式。

After the Three-gorges Project is completed, a 30 meters high water-level-fluctuating zone(WLFZ) will appear along with the both banks, the largest area of which is about 11, 000hm2. Rationally exploiting the land in the WLFZ not only will allay the contradiction between man and land, but also is very useful for improving the condition of ecological environment in the Three gorges Reservoir. The area of the WLFZ is 4250hm2 in Kaixian county, Chongqing City, which is a typical case of the land consolidation use in WLFZ. On the basis of summing up the experience of exploiting the WLFZ in China and the practical work in Kaixian county, four kinds of land use models in the WLFZ are presented, which are the integrated sheltering of farm land, the seasonal using model, the biological engineering model, and the aquatic cultivation model.