技术选择、人力资本与就业均衡——美日差异的比较研究

Technology Choice, Human Capital and the Employment Equilibrium: the Difference between U. S. A and Japan in a Comparative Perspective

美国和日本虽然都是市场体系的国家 ,但在就业制度方面却存在着若干显著的差别。日本的就业制度是典型的内部劳动市场模式 ,而美国的就业安排更接近于外部劳动市场模式。二者之间最显著的差别就在于雇员与雇主之间的雇佣关系的稳定性不同。在此综合一些西方学者关于美日劳动市场差别的最新的比较研究成果的基础上 ,尝试以技术选择与人力资本形成的视角解释美日之间就业均衡的差别。

In despite of both the United States and Japan are market economies the difference still exists in some aspects between their system, such as employment system. Long and stable employment relations are the key distinction between the two models. This essay try to explain the difference of employment equilibriums through the relations of technology and the formalization of human capital on the basis of the researches of other writers Also, the authoc try to find some reason responsible for the change of the employment equilibriums.