列宁党报思想成因探析

How Lenin Evolved His Ideas of Party Newspapers

列宁关于党报的论述是为人熟悉的 ,但是他的党报思想得以提出的环境背景、思想来源、个性特征等等 ,尚缺少研究。作者认为 ,列宁思想的成熟期是在西方国家度过的 ,西方国家的政治自由与俄国的极端专制 ,不同的环境参照系对他的思想有较大影响。列宁长期主持具体的党内事务和主编一系列的党报报刊 ,没有在面向社会的一般报刊工作过 ,因而他的新闻和宣传思想主要表现为党报思想。列宁是在其生命的最后几年闻名世界的 ,他不像马克思和恩格斯 ,在世时便对自己的思想有所概括。因而 ,研究列宁的党报思想 ,需要更多的独立思考 。

Lenin's views on Party newspapers are well known, yet little study has been undertaken on the circumstances under which he expounded them, the sources of his ideas, their characteristics, etc. The present writer believes that Lenin's ideas matured when he lived in the West, and that they were greatly influenced by the contrast between political freedom in the West and autocracy in Russia. For a long time he took charge of the general affairs of his party and supervised the publication of a number of Party newspapers, but never worked for popular newspapers; that is why his ideas of press publicity are confined to Party newspapers. He became known to the outside world late in life, so he cannot have summarized his ideas as Marx and Engels had done. While studying Lenin's ideas of Party newspapers, therefore, we should especially think for ourselves and make out his ideas of Party newspapers in the light of his surroundings and individual characteristics.