实践人类学:对马克思主义文艺学理论基础的新认识

Practical Anthropology: New Recognition of Theoretical Basis of Marxist Theory of Literature and Art

在同被视为现代哲学人类学创立者的马克斯·舍勒的思想的对照中,可以说马克思的人学才是现代哲学人学的最早形态。类观念、实践性、生成性和生态性是马克思主义哲学人类学即实践人类学的基本特征。马克思主义文艺学的理论基础向这种人类学的回归,不仅更切近文艺的人学本性,而且实现了马克思主义的哲学与其文艺学之间的整体性对应,并将带来马克思主义文艺学基本学理的深刻调整。

Contrasting the thought of Scheler, who is regarded as founder of modern philosophical anthropology, we can see that nothing but Marxist doctrine of man is the earliest form of modern philosophical anthropology. Concept of category, practicalness, generativieness, and ecologicalness are basic characteristics of Marxist philosophical anthropology, that is practical anthropology. The regression of the basis of Marxist theory of literature and art to this anthropology not only gets closer to the doctrine of man of literature and art, but also realizes global correspondence of Marxist philosophy and its theory of literature and art, and brings about profound readjustment of basic Marxist theory of literature and art.