论民族传统道德对社会变革方式的影响与未来中国道德建设

Impact of Traditional Morals on Social Changes and Moral Building in China

印度、日本、中国均为东方国家 ,但各自的社会变革方式却大相径庭 :印度以非暴力、不合作的方式赢得了民族独立 ;日本的社会巨变 (明治维新、战后非军事化改造等 ) ,则是以自上而下的革新为特征的 ;而中国近代自上而下的改良却统归失败 !仔细分析三国社会变革方式的不同特点 ,仅从政治的、经济的因素来解释是不能自圆其说的 ,而从文化道德方面的因素分析更能令人信服。社会主义制度的建立为祖国一劳永逸地结束以暴力冲突为社会变革方式的历史提供了良好的政治基础 ,正处于社会变革时期的中国 ,如要避免历史上反复出现的社会动荡 ,就必须在道德建设上弘扬中华民族优良道德传统中的非暴力因素 ,借鉴日本道德建设中的某些成功经验 ,吸纳西方文化传统中的守法因素与沟通对话因素 。

A close look at the social changes since modern times of India, Japan and China reveals that the three countries are widely different from each other in terms of the modes of social changes although they are all countries of the Oriental. To be a little more exact, India gained its independence following the principle of 'nonviolence, no cooperation', Japan accomplished its social changes through innovation in a top\|to\|bottom way (i.e.Meiji Reform, post\|war non\|militarialization and so on), whereas China failed in its efforts to improve the country from top to bottom. Such different outcomes cannot be well accounted for in a political or economic perspective. On the contrary, difference in cultures and morals helps explain the said why's. The present century is a century for China to rejuvenate itself. Foundation of socialism has politically rid the country of violent conflicts in its social changes. According to the author of the paper, to avoid turbulences as it frequently had in history and lay a sound foundation for a stable socialist China, it is imperative to promote and popularize the nonviolence elements inherent in the traditional morals on the one hand and draw on experiences of Japan in regard with its moral building as well as absorbing such fine factors of western culture as the law awareness and solution of problems through dialogues and the like on the other.