原子力显微镜应用于红细胞病理学检验的初步研究

The application of atomic force microscope in clinic diagnosis of erythrocytes

目的 :初步探讨原子力显微镜在临床病理学检验中的应用前景。方法 :应用原子力显微镜对正常人、肺癌病人和骨髓增生异常综合症等病人血液中的红细胞进行大范围和微观结构的形貌图像与数据的获取和分析。结果 :用原子力显微镜获得了多个红细胞、单个红细胞和细胞膜表面微观结构清晰的形貌图像 ,发现肺癌病人大多数红细胞呈棘刺状 ,每个细胞共有 1 0 - 2 0个棘刺状突起 ,大部分突起在细胞的边缘 ,中央有少量突起。细胞边缘的棘刺比中央的棘刺要宽 ,但较短 ,平均宽度约为 589 0nm ,平均长度约为 646 7nm。中央棘刺状突起并非伸向细胞片面外 ,而是倒伏包埋在细胞中。而骨髓增生异常综合症病人的红细胞呈双凹状 ,膜表面微观结构观察还发现 ,骨髓增生异常综合症病人的红细胞膜表面出现许多几十nm到一百多nm大小不等的孔洞。结论 :原子力显微镜可广泛地应用于临床病理学检验。其应用前景包括细胞记数 ,细胞直径、平均高度、体积、表面积和表面积 /体积比等参数的获取和比较 ,单个细胞的形貌观察 ,以及细胞膜表面微观结构的观察和比较 。

AIM: To investigate the application of atomic force microscope (AFM) in clinic diagnosis. METHODS: Topographic images and some parameters of large range field and microstructures of erythrocytes in the blood of normal subjects, lung cancer and myelodisplastic syndrome (MDS) patients were examined by atomic force microscope. RESULTS: Many clear topographic images of many erythrocytes, single erythrocyte, and microstructure of erythrocyte membrane surface were obtained. Many erythrocytes in lung cancer patients were found to change into echinocytes. One erythrocyte had 10-20 protuberances, most of which, with a mean width of 589.0 nm and a length of 646.7 nm, were on the edge of cells. The protuberances on the center of echinocytes are lodged and embedded. The erythrocytes of MDS patients were biconcave in shape. Many apertures with different diameters of tens to hundreds nanometer appeared on the surface of cell membrane. CONCLUSIONS: AFM can be widely applied in clinic pathological inspection, including quantification of cells, obtainment and comparison of many parameters (such as diameter, thickness, volume, surface, surface area/volume ratio), observation of topograph of single cell, and observation and comparison of membrane surface microstructure of cells, and so on.