工程结构的优化设计方法与应用

Optimal Design of Engineering Structures and Its Application

随着现有工程结构的日益大型化、复杂化 ,如何充分利用和完善现有的大型通用有限元软件 (如 MSC/NASTRAN)的优化设计功能显得尤为重要 .用 MSC/PATRAN建立有限元模型 ,基于 MSC/NASTRAN平台分别采用 3种优化算法对经典算例、某卫星天线支撑架结构以及某舰船后桅结构进行了优化设计 .采用的 3种优化算法分别为改进的可行方向法、序列线性规划法和序列二次规划法 .结果表明 ,通过优化能够显著减轻一些结构部件的重量 .这对

With engineering structures becoming more and more complicated, it is essential how to use and improve the optimization capabilities of large scale finite element software, such as MSC/NASTRAN. Finite element models were built with MSC/PATRAN, and MSC/NASTRAN was used to perform the optimal design. Three optimization methods including the modified feasible direction algorithm, sequential linear programming and sequential quadratic programming were applied to the optimum design of a classical space frame, an antenna supporting substructure of satellite structure and a stern mast of warship structure respectively. After the optimization the weight of engineering structures can be reduced significantly on the condition of satisfying all the design constraints. The results indicate that the optimization methods presented in this paper are reliable and practical for the optimal design of engineering structures.