一种新颖煤基球形炭及其形成机理

A novel coal-based ball-like carbon material and its formation mechanism

介绍一种以煤为原料制得的形态新颖独特的球形炭材料,并用扫描电镜(SEM)、能量散射X射线探针(EDX)、X射线衍射(XRD)和激光紫外拉曼光谱等技术手段对其进行了研究,初步证实这种球形炭具有良好的结构取向和高度石墨化的内部构型.这种球形炭排列成链状或平板状,而且结构紧凑、表面光滑、粒度分布较均匀,直径在10～20μm,其碳质量分数大于99.5%.这种球形炭材料有望作为新的增强型材料在复合材料等领域获得应用.依据有关等离子体理论和实验结果对这种新颖球形炭材料的形成机理进行了讨论.

A novel form of ball\|like carbon material with its size in micrometer range has been prepared from coal with nickel as catalyst by arc plasma method. The carbon material has been studied systematically by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), X\|ray diffraction technique (XRD) and UV\|laser Raman spectrum. The SEM characterization shows that the novel carbon materials exist in various forms such as individual balls, chain\|like and plate\|like carbons, all of which have a quite smooth surface. The diameters of these carbon spheres are quite uniform and in a narrow range-10 μm to 20 μm. The EDX analysis confirms that the ball\|like carbon material mainly consists of carbon element with its content being over 99.5%. The XRD and UV\|Raman results reveal that the novel ball\|like carbon material is a kind of highly graphitized carbon with rigid crystal lattice structures. This kind of novel ball\|like carbon may be of potential use in composite materials. The growth mechanism of the ball\|like carbon material is proposed and discussed in terms of arc plasma properties and the chemical structure of coal\|based carbon as well as the experimental factors.