斯坦尼氏小体形态结构的季节性变化初步研究

Seasonal Change of Morphology of Stannius Corpuscles

该文对不同季节人工饲养的雌性鲫鱼斯坦尼氏小体的显微结构、亚显微结构及其形态计量学进行了初步研究.显微结构的研究表明,该小体中腺上皮细胞的多少、排列状况、胞核大小和染色深浅、胞质中分泌颗粒的多少和PAS反应的强弱等均随季节的更替而呈周期性变化.在亚显微结构上,可将该小体的腺上皮分泌细胞分为A、B、C、D、E、F等六种类型.根据各类细胞的细胞器的发达程度和分泌颗粒的多少等结构特征,我们认为:A型细胞是处于颗粒分泌前期的细胞,B型细胞是属于进入分泌阶段的细胞,D、E、F等三种类型的细胞则是处于萎缩或幼稚阶段的细胞,而C型细胞为正趋向成熟的细胞.春季仅见到A、B、C、D四种类型的细胞,夏季B型细胞所占的比例较多,冬季仅出现D、E、F三种类型的细胞.这种显微和亚显微结构随季节更替而变化的规律与形态计量学的研究结果相符.形态计量学上已测到的各项参数表明,春夏季的腺泡和腺上皮细胞处于发育成熟状态,秋季处于萎缩状态,而冬季呈恢复状态.此外,此文还从斯坦尼氏小体的降血钙功能讨论了它与性腺同步发育的关系.

The corpuscles of Stannius of different seasonal Carasius auratus (♀) are studied by using light and electron microscope and cell morphometrial methods. Results of the microscopic study demonstrate that, of the corpuscles gland, the way in which cells are arranged, the number of cells, the size of nucleus, the degree in which nucleus are stained, the number of secretory granules in cytoplasm and the extent of PAS reaction are all periodically changed with the season. Six cell types of the corpuscles-A,B,C,D,E and F can be identified under the electron microscope according to the structural characteristics such as the degree of organelle development, and the number of secrectory granules. We concluded that type A is presecretory ones, type B is secreting, types D, E and F are withering or undeveloped, and type C is growing up. In spring, only four cell types-A, B, C and D can be observed. Type B is mainly found in summer. And D, E and F are found in winter. The results here are identical to those by using the cellular morphometric methods. The calculated parameters indicate that the gland and glandular cells develope in spring and summer, wither in autumn, and recover in winter. In addition, with the hypocalcin function of the Stannius corpuscles, the relationship of synchronous development between Stannius corpuscles and the gonad is also studied.