社区退休居民的营养状况及干预要点

Nutritional assessment and intervene points for retired residents in a community

目的 :应用迷你营养评定 (MNA)结合人体测量学方法 ,以评价社区退休居民的营养状况。 方法 :115名上海社区退休居民接受MNA问卷调查和人体测量学检测 ,包括腰围、臀围、身高、体重、体质指数 (BMI)、中臂围、肱三头肌皮皱厚度 (TSF)、中臂肌围等。 结果 :① 2 4名 (2 0 .9% )受试者MNA总分 <2 3.5分 ,属营养不良或营养不良高危人群 ;②应用腰围、腰臀比和BMI评估 ,肥胖检出率分别为 5 3.9%、6 1.7%和 6 5 .2 % ;③根据中臂围、TSF和中臂肌围评估 ,中至重度营养不良的发生率分别为 1.7%、19.1%和 2 .2 % ;④MNA总分与多项人体测量学指标显著相关。 结论 :①社区退休居民中营养过剩和营养低下共存 ,必须加强营养干预 ;②MNA问卷在国人营养状况评价中具有一定的实用价值。

Objectives:To assess the nutritional status of retired residents in a community by mininutritional assessment(MNA) combined with anthropometry. Methods:MNA questionnaire and anthropometric parameters including waistline,hipline,height,weight,body mass index(BMI),midarm circumference,triceps skinfold(TSF) and midarm muscle circumference were performed in 115 retired residents. Results:①24 (20.9%) residents had MNA scores less than 23.5,which meaned malnutrition or at risk of malnutrition.②According to each single index,namely waistline, waist hip ratio and BMI,incidence of obesity was 53.9%,61.7% and 65.2% respectively.③According to each single index,that is,midarm circumference,TSF and midarm muscle circumference,prevalence of moderate or severe malnutrition was 1.7%,19.1% and 2.2%respectively.④There lied a significant correlation between MNA score and several anthropometric parameters. Conclusions:①Both overnutrition and undernutrition can be manifested in retired home residents,for whom nutritional intervene should be enhanced.②MNA questionnaire can be well used in Chinese.