腭裂术后腭咽闭合功能不全患者的语音声学特点研究

Study on the Acoustic Features of Post-palatoplasty Velopharyngeal Insufficiency

目的 研究腭裂术后先天性腭咽闭合功能不全型患者的语音声学特点。方法 应用计算机语音工作站对 5 6例腭裂术后腭咽闭合功能不全和 3 2例正常人的语音声学特点进行了对照研究。结果 对照组男性和女性在被检音的F1 、F2 、B2 、F3、音高和辅音起声时间 (VOT)上与患者有明显的差别 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,腭裂术后腭咽闭合功能不全型患者和正常人在被检音的音长、F2 、B2 、F3、B3、音强和VOT上有明显的差别 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,不同被检音结果有差别。正常组的F1 、F2 和F3清晰可见 ,各共振峰之间着色较浅 ,能量集中 ,冲直条和乱纹明显 ,辅音起声时间较长。病例组的F1 的颜色略深、宽度加大 ,F2 、F3不很清楚 ,较正常组的位置低、弱化和加宽 ,在各共振峰之间出现若干能量集中区 ,着色较深 ,形成多余共振峰。位于元音之前的冲直条和乱纹大大减少 ,VOT缩短或消失。结论 腭咽闭合功能不全型异常语音在音长、第二三共振峰和带宽、音强和辅音起声时间上与正常组有显著性差异。

Objective To study the speech acoustic features of the patients with post-palatoplasty velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI).Methods The acoustic features of 56 patients with VPI were analyzed with the computer speech lab, compared with the features of 32 controls. Results There was obvious difference in F1, F2, B2, F3, PITCH and VOT on gender of the controls. ( P <0.05); There was significant difference in DOMAIN, F2, B2, F3, B3, ENERGY and VOT between the patients and the controls too. ( P <0.05). It was not the same on every syllable too; From phonetic images, F1, F2 and F3 of the controls were more clear than those of the patients, the other districts of the controls were lighter than those of the patients. F1 of the patients was darker and broader, their F2 and F3 were lower, weaker and broader. Among F1, F2 and F3 of the patients, there were some extra FORMANTs. Erected stripes and fills before the vowel of the patients were fewer than those of the controls, their VOT was smaller or disappeared.Conclusion There was significant difference in DOMAIN, F2, B2, F3, B3, ENERGY and VOT between the patients and the controls, and there was significant difference in phonetic images of two groups, especially in FORMANTs, consonants and VOT. Results of this study were interrelated with gender and the syllable selected. Varied gender and syllable resulted in different outcomes.