新杀螟丹室内杀灭钉螺效果的初步观察

OBSERVATION ON THE MOLLUSCICIDE EFFECT OF XINSHAMINDAN AGAINST ONCOMELANIA HUPENSIS IN LABORATORY

目的 评价新杀螟丹的灭螺效果 ,探讨适宜的杀螺剂量 ,为现场应用提供科学依据。 方法 在 (2 5± 1)℃恒温下 ,采用不同浓度 (剂量 )进行浸泡法和喷洒法实验。 结果 用新杀螟丹 1.0 mg/ L、2 .0 mg/ L 分别浸泡 2 4 h～ 72 h的杀螺率 ,成螺 :76 .7%～ 10 0 .0 %和 86 .7%～ 10 0 .0 % ;幼螺 :80 .0 %～ 10 0 .0 %和 10 0 .0 %。均接近氯硝柳胺的杀螺效果 (P≥0 .0 5 )。而用 1.0、2 .0 g/ m2新杀螟丹喷洒 3d、7d后 ,能使钉螺 70 .0 %～ 83.3%和 73.3%～ 86 .7%死亡 ,略低于氯硝柳胺的杀螺效果 (P≤ 0 .0 5 )。 结论 新杀螟丹无论在浸泡法和喷洒法中均显示了较好的杀灭成螺、幼螺和螺卵的作用 ,其杀螺率呈现明显的剂量与时间效应关系 ,但现场的杀螺效果如何尚待作进一步的探讨。

Objective To evaluate the molluscicidal effects, investigate the optimum dosage of Xinshamindan and provide scientific basis for its application in field. Methods The mollucicidal effects of Xinshamindan was observed by immersing method in 8 different dosages of 0.03, 0.06, 0.12, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 mg/L, and spraying method with Xinshamindan in different dosage of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 g/m 2 at (25±1) ℃. Results After the adult snails and baby snails were separately immersed with Xinshamindan by the dosage of 1.0 mg/L, 2.0 mg/L at (25±1) ℃ for 24 h to 72 h, the mortality of adult snail was 76.7% to 100%, and 86.7% to 100%, the mortality of baby snail was 80% to 100% and 100%. There is no significant difference in mollucicidal effect between Xinshamindan and niclosamide ( P ≥0.05). After the adult snails and baby snails were separately sprayed with Xinshamindan by the dosage of 1.0 mg/L, 2.0 mg/L at (25±1)℃ for 3 d to 7 d, the mortality of adult snail was 70.0% to 83.3% and 73.3% to 86.7%. The molluscicidal effect of Xinshamindan is lower than that of niclosamide ( P ≤0.05). Conclusion The Xinshamindan is easy to be dissolved and its lethal dosage for snail is low. Its molluscicidal effect against adult snail, child snail and snail egg is higher both in immersing method and spraying method. The mortality of snail is much correlate with the dosage and the contaiting time. However, the molluscicidal effect of Xinshamindan in field still need to be surveyed further more.