早产儿视网膜病变研究进展

The clinical progress of retinopathy of prematurity

早产儿视网膜病变 (ROP)是一种因视网膜血管异常增殖而导致幼儿视力严重丧失的疾病 ,绝大多数发生于低体重的早产儿。近年来 ,随着医学技术的发展 ,越来越多的低体重早产儿得以存活 ,故该病的发病率也呈上升趋势。孕期短、出生体重轻、吸氧等因素与ROP的发生有关 ,其诊断有赖于早期的眼底检查。ROP的药物治疗尚在研究阶段 ,目前治疗主要通过冷冻、激光光凝、巩膜扣带术、玻璃体切割术等手段。

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a retinal vasoproliferative disorder that can cause infant blindness. It occurs principally in low weight premature infants. With the increasing skill and technology available, more tiny babies are surviving and the occurrence of ROP is increasing at the same time. Major risk factors of ROP include: decreased birth weight, decreased gestational age, supplemental oxygen therapy and so on. Its diagnosis depends on early fundoscopic examination. Drug therapy for ROP is in research. Surgical management of ROP includes cryotherapy, laser photocoagulation, scleral buckling and vitrectomy. Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce visual impairment in ROP.