鼓室管上隐窝及其周围结构的胚胎发育

Embryonic development of the supratubal recess and its adjacent structures in tympanic cavity

目的 :观察鼓室管上隐窝的胚胎发育和毗邻关系 ,为鼓室疾病的诊治提供形态学基础。方法 :取 12～ 3 5周死胎颞骨标本 48侧 ,采用大体解剖和组织学切片两种方法 ,观察管上隐窝和该区域重要结构的胚胎发育特点和局部解剖学关系。结果 :管上隐窝在胚胎 2 0周出现 ,是上鼓室向前延伸的漏斗形骨龛 ,具有六个壁。骨帘在 2 4～ 2 8周出现。结论 :骨帘在匙突前方参与构成面神经管水平段外侧壁的一部分 ,切除骨帘是建立上鼓室通气和引流的理想通路。

Objective: To provide morphological basis for the diagnosis and treatment of tympanic cavity disease by observing embryonic development and adjacent relations of the supratubal recess. Methods: Forty eight temporal bones derived from fatal fetuses whose gestational age ranged from 12 to 35 weeks were studied by gross anatomic and histological methods. Results: In front of the epitympanum, supratubal recess appeared at 20 weeks.It was a funnel shaped cavity with six walls.The cog nearly accomplished at the 20～28 weeks. Conclusions: The cog, anterior to the cochleariform process, participated in the forming of the lateral wall of the horizontal segment of the facial nerve canal.To cut out the cog can provide an ideal route of ventilation and drainage in epitympanic cavity.