儿童肘部的断层解剖及临床意义

Sectional anatomy of elbow in children

目的 :为临床儿童肘部疾病的断层解剖影像学检查提供形态学基础。方法 :采用 18侧不同年龄儿童尸体肘部标本经X线摄片后 ,制作水平面、矢状面及冠状面标本 ,观察各断面解剖结构和关系 ,并与成人断面解剖进行比较分析。结果 :儿童肘部各断面的解剖结构和排列关系类似成人 ,但儿童肘部软骨性成份较多 ,年龄越小 ,软骨性比例越大。结论 :①X线片对软骨性结构的显示不能提供帮助 ;②儿童肘部的断层解剖由于骨骺发育的不同阶段而有别于成人 ;③本研究为儿童肘部疾病特别是软骨性结构损伤的断层影像学检查如MRI、US等的临床应用打下了形态学基础。

Objective: To observe the sectional anatomy of elbow in children in order to apply it to clinical sectional imaging examination.Methods: Eighteen elbows of different age children cadavers underwent x ray examination and then transverse, sagittal and coronal specimens were made from these cadavers.The structures and their adjacent relationship on each section were compared with those of adults'. Results: The structure relationship on sectional specimens of children's elbow were similar to those of adults', but the proportion of cartilage was bigger in younger specimen and x ray film couldn't display epiphyseal cartilage.Conclusion: The sectional anatomy of children's elbow is different form those of adults in the different development stage of children's epiphyseal cartilage.The study from these specimens can provide useful morphological basis for the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography(US).