米索前列醇不同给药途径预防产后出血的临床研究

A Clinical Study on Different Ways of Misoprostol Administration for Preventing Postpartum Hemorrhage

目的 观察米索前列醇不同给药途径预防产后出血的效果。方法 将单胎头位足月妊娠阴道自然分娩的产妇 30 0例 ,随机分为口服给药组、直肠给药组、阴道给药组 ,每组 10 0例。口服给药组于胎头着冠时口服米索前列醇6 0 0mg ,直肠给药组和阴道给药组均在胎儿娩出后立即直肠和阴道后穹窿置入米索前列醇 6 0 0mg。 结果 第三产程时间、产后出血量、产后出血的发生、药物副反应各组间均无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 三种给药途径预防产后出血无显著性差异 ,但由于阴道给药易被稀释和冲出 ,影响药物吸收 。

Objective To determine the efficacy of misoprostol by different ways of drug administration for preventing postpartum hemorrhage.Methods 300 women with single pregnancy and natural term delivery in cranial position were divided randomly into three groups: per os administration group, per rectum administration group and per vagina administration group. 600μg misoprostol was administered at the time of crowning of head in per os administration. 600μg misoprotol was individually administered to the latter two groups,and immediately after delivery in another two groups.Results There were no significant differences in duration of the third stage of labor, the volume and incidence of postpartume hemorrhage and side effects of misoprostol between the three groups (P>0.05).Conclusions There was no significant difference befween the three ways of drug administration for preventing postpartum hemorrhage. However, misoprostol administered per vagina was easily diluted and washed out,so that absorbtion was influenced. Therefore misoprostol administration per os or per rectum is preferred.