金刚石绳锯的锯切轨迹及锯切机理研究

Reaserch into the Sawing Trajectory and Mechanism of Diamond Wire Saw

本文从理论上分析了金刚石绳锯的锯切轨迹及锯切机理 ,并对大理石和花岗石进行了锯切试验 ,以验证理论分析的结果。理论分析和锯切试验均表明 :(1)金刚石绳锯的锯切轨迹近似为圆的渐开线 ,锯切过程中单位长度绳锯对石材的压力、绳锯张紧力决定了该渐开线的形状 ;(2 )金刚石绳锯锯切线速度高 ,锯切过程中单颗粒金刚石施加在石材上的压力很小 ,不足以使石材产生体积破碎 ,切屑细小。其主要碎岩方式是赫兹破碎 (Hert zianfracture) ,通过高速磨削实现锯切。根据金刚石绳锯的碎岩机理 ,锯切时应适当控制绳锯拉力和绳锯线速度 ,选用耐磨蚀性好的金刚石和胎体 ,保证良好冷却 ,以提高锯切速度 ,延长绳锯寿命。

In this paper,sawing trajectory and mechanism of diamond wire saw are theoretically analyzed.Sawing experiments of marble and granite are carried out to verify the results of the theoretical analysis.Conclusions drawn from the investigations are as follows:(1)Sawing trajectory of diamond wire saw is approximately an involute of circle.Wire tension and the force exerted on stone by unit length of wire during sawing determine the shape of the involute.(2)Linear wire speed is so high and the pressure exerted on stone by single diamond grit is so low that the stone can not be voluminously fractured.The main rock-fracturing mechanism of diamond wire sawing is Hertzian Fracture.The materials removal is achieved by high speed grinding so that the sawing debris is very fine.According to the rock-fracturing mechanism of diamond wire sawing,wire tension and linear wire speed should be properly selected so as to increase sawing rate and wire life.In addition,good cooling condition and high abrasive resistance of diamond and matrix are also important.