走出人伦道德的世界——近代中国权利文化生长的思想根源(续)

Beyond the View of Human Relation:——Philosophical and Ideological Civilization Origin of Rights in Modern China

中国传统思想文化已发展到了从根本上重新界定“人”的新阶段 ,而这种重新界定意味着中国政治哲学和伦理文化的新时代———“近代”的开启。传统儒学主要是从人伦道德的角度界定和把握人 ,而近代思想家们则首先视人为一具有自然欲求的存在 ,进而走出了传统儒学关于人性之善与恶的纷争 ,主张性无善恶之分别的自然人性论 ,强调了人性中“智”的重要性 ,由此而对以个体本位主义为价值诉求的新人格作了建设性的探究 ,为近代“权利”

The Chinese traditional ideology and culture have evolved into another stage of the fundamental redefinition of 'Human' which signifies the start of a new era - modern times - in Chinese political philosophy and ethical culture . The traditional Confucianists based their comprehension and definition of 'Human' on Human Relation, whereas modern thinkers deem 'Human' as an natural existence with desires , as a result of which , the latter are extricated from the good-and-evil disputes of humanity by the former . They advocate natural humanity without any discrimination of good or evil , underlining the significance of intelligence in humanity . Consequently , their constructive probe into the new personality seeking for individual selfish departmentalism has established a solid foundation for the modern culture of rights .