不同品种金鱼草多倍体诱变方法的研究

POLYPLOID MUTATION OF VARIOUS COMMON SNAPDRAGON BREEDS

用秋水仙素水溶液对3个不同品种金鱼草种子进行多倍体诱变,设计采用18种处理方法进行试验。研究结果:不同品种的诱变剂适宜浓度范围不同,红色及矮生品种适于低浓度处理。白色品种则诱变剂范围较宽。筛选出红色品种以0.05％,48 h最好,诱变率为36％;白色品种以0.2％,24 h最好,诱变率为17％,矮生品种为0.03％,96 h最好,诱变率为22％。对各种处理变异苗存活数目的动态变化进行观察、分析其原因。发现不同品种金鱼草的气孔大小不同,其矮生品种气孔较小,加倍植株均比二倍体植株叶绿体数多1.5—2.5倍。

Experiments on polyploid mutation of 3 kinds of common snapdragon breeds were carried out by colchicine solution treatments in this paper, and 18 kinds treatment method were tested. The results show that: Different mutagen are suitable for different concentration limits; Red and short-stalk breeds are suitable for low concentration treatment but wider mutagen limit for white breed;The best treatment for red breeds is 0.05％ and 48 hours, 0.2％ and 24 hours for white one and 0.02％ and 96 hours for short-stalk one; The mutation ratios are 36％, 17％ and 22％ respectively.And the chloroplast number of the polyploid plants was 1.5-2.5 times more than that of the diploid plant by observing the stomata apparatus size and the numbers of guard cell and chloroplast of three common snapdragon breeds.