长白落叶松种子活力与染色体核型

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SEED VIGOR OF LARIX OLGENSIS AND CHROMOSOME KARYOTYPE

于1986年在东北林业大学种苗室进行实验研究。利用人工老化法得到了两批生活力相近而活力不同的长白落叶松(Larix olgensis Hcnry)种子。应用玻板直立发芽并测定其幼苗生长势。同时,对萌发种子根尖细胞做了显微观察及核型分析。实验结果:种子活力发生递减时,幼苗生长势下降,发芽高峰明显推迟。此时,胚根细胞分裂相减少,分裂相细胞粘滞性增强。细胞染色体数目和核型构型没有发生变化,但核型类型由对照的2B变为2 C。可见,种子胚根细胞染色体的变化是种子劣变活力降低的明显指标与特征之一。

This test was finished in laboratory of seeds and seedlings in Northeast Forestry University in 1986. Two lots of Larix olgensis seeds with similar viability and different vigor have been obtained with the method of artificial aging.The process of germination test on vertical plate-glass was recorded, and the growth vigor of seedling was determined. Meanwhile, the microscope observation and karyotype analysis on root tip cells of germinating seeds were conducted. The testing results showed: When seed vigor decreased greatly, the growth vigor of seedlings declined and germination peak deferred obviously. Meanwhile, the dividing phase of embryo root cells decreased and the viscidity of dividing phase increased. Cell chromosome numbers and karyotype structure didn't change, but karyotype type have changed from the contrast 2B to 2C. It is thus clear that the changes in cell chromosome of embryo roots is one of the most obvious indexes of seed dctorioration and vigor decline.