大棚葡萄生长发育小气候环境条件的研究

STUDY ON ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF MICROCLIMATE FOR GRAPE GROWTH IN PLASTIC GREENHOUSE

通过对啥尔滨地区1989～1990年塑料大棚(前期扣棚膜)内巨峰葡萄生长小气候环境的系统观测表明,从萌芽至落叶休眠需要168～187天(3～4年生)。需≥10℃的活动积温2871.9℃左右。萌芽至开花期间,中午相对湿度控制在20％～30％、夜间相对湿度95％以上较适宜。果实发育期,中午气温控制在25～28℃,夜间气温保持在15～18℃。在扣棚膜期间,≥7℃活动积温比棚外多450℃左右,充分利用了当地前期的光、热资源。

By observing the microclimatic environment for Kyoho grape growth in plastic green- houses(covered at earlier stage only)in Harbin region from 1989 to 1990,it was found that it took 168～187 days to complete the stages from germination to defoliation and dormancy for triennial and quardrennial,and the≥10℃ active accumulated temperature was about 2871.9℃.From germination to blooming 20%～30% relative humidity was considered suita- ble at noon,and above 95% at night.During fruit development stage,air temperature was controlled within 25℃～28℃ at noon,and within 15℃～18℃ at night.During the time when the greenhouse was covered with plastic sheeting the≥7℃ accumulated temperature inside was about 450℃ more than outside.Thus,the local light and heat resources were made full use of in earlier period.