生物制浆的技术难度以及木素降解酶的应用前景

Technical Difficulties in Biopulping and the Prospect of Ligninases Applications

本文就生物制浆存在的技术难度和木素降解酶的应用前景进行了讨论。木素是造纸原料的主要成分之一 ,因为它是自然界光合植物的进化产物 ,所以木素对生物降解呈现出极大的屏蔽作用 ,而且木素降解酶的活力较低。另一方面 ,白腐菌所分泌的木素降解酶不但在大规模扩大生产中存在着技术上的困难 ,而且在生物制浆过程中不可避免地存在着纤维素降解。在造纸工业中 ,木素降解酶应用的研究主要包括生物机械制浆、生物漂白和漂白废水的生物处理。

The evaluation of technical difficulties in biopulping and the prospect of ligninases applications were discussed. Lignin is one of the major compositions of plant fiber materials. Because lignin is the evolution-product of photosynthetic plants in the natural world, the molecular structure of lignin presents notable barriers to biodegradation, and the activity of ligninase, which are produced by microorganisms, is rather low. On the other hand, both basic and applied studies of these ligninases have been hampered by the difficulty of its production in sufficient quantity. The other technological difficulties of the biopulping is to reduce cellulose degradation in the biopulping process. Research on ligninases applications in pulp and paper industry focus on biomechanical pulping, biobleaching and effluent treatment.