东北地区湿地的水文景观分类及其对气候变化的脆弱性

Classification of Hydrological Landscapes of Typical Wetlands in Northeast China and Their Vulnerability to Climate Change

湿地对气候变化的脆弱性取决于湿地在水文景观中所处的位置。笔者简单介绍了水文景观的基本理论 ,从水文景观视角对东北地区的典型湿地进行了分类 ,并依据水文景观特征将东北地区的湿地所发育的景观分为冰蚀地貌、山地沟谷、河口三角洲、滨海低洼地、河漫滩、阶地洼地和古河道洼地、山前洼地、湖泊及其湖泊边缘洼地和半干旱、半湿润平原低湿洼地等类型 ,并将发育于各类景观中的湿地对气候变化的脆弱性划分出低度脆弱性、低 -中度脆弱性、中 -高度脆弱性。

The vulnerability of wetlands to climate change depends on the position where the wetlands develop.The basic thought of hydrological landscape was simply presented,and the main wetlands in Northeast China classified into several types,i.e.wetlands in glacial-etching landscapes,wetlands in mountainous landscapes,wetlands in estuary delta landscapes,wetlands in coastal lowland landscpes,wetlands in flood plain landscapes,wetlands in terrace depression and ancient river channel depression landscapes,wetlands in piedmont depression landscapes,wetlands in lake and lake fringe depression landscapes,and wetlands in semi-arid and semi-humid prairie depression landscapes.Finally,the vulnerability of wetlands in various landscapes was evaluated,classified by low,low-medium,medium-high,high and extreme levels.