从美国科技中心计划看集成创新

Integrative Innovation:From the Perspective of STC Program o f American

本文针对技术层面的集成创新,提出了广义集成创新的概念,即一种集“研究开发、人才教育、知识转移”为一体的创新模式。作者在以美国科技中心计划为典型案例,介绍和分析了该计划的历史沿革、主要特点等之后指出,在推动科技发展的模式中,最高级的、投入产出比最大的是“制度创新型”的模式,而不是那种认为只要增加科技经费就能推动科技发展的“资源投入型”。在科技管理体制尚未完善的环境中,技术创新型的发展模式恐怕也不是绩效很好的模式。

Viewing integrative innovation fro m the perspective of technology,thi s thesis brings forward the concept o f integrative innovation in a broad se nse,which is a kind of innovation mod e combining R&D,talent education an d knowledge transferring.The author takes the American Science and Techn ology Central Scheme as a typical case,introduces and analyzes the history and representative characters of th e scheme,pointing out that in the pro cess of promoting science and technology development,the most advanced and most economical mode based on the input -output analysis is institutional in novation mode,not the resource inputting mode depending on input of scie nce and technology outlay.In the environme nt of imperfect managerial system,i t is not sure for the technology innov ation mode to win a good performance.