摘要
本文对我国大陆八种家鼠的C-带核型进行了比较研究,并将其C-带差异数量化,进行模糊聚类分析,结果表明: 1.八种家鼠的C-带核型相互间存在一定的差异; ①八种家鼠染色体着丝点异染色质在数量上各不相同,按照一定的顺序呈现逐渐减少的趋势。②某些种类出现了插入异染色质、端位异染色质和异染色质短臂。 2.根据八种家鼠C-带核型的不同,结合地理分布等,对八种家鼠的分类地进行了讨论。 3.依据C-带核型的差异,推测八种家鼠的C-带核型进化方向可能是:①着丝点异染色质逐渐减少;②端位异染色质、插入异染色质或异染色质短臂的出现和增加。 4.按照从原始到特化的方向将C-带核型差异数量化,通过模糊聚类分析,得到了八种家鼠的聚类分析分支图,它们可以分为二个大组:斯氏家鼠和环齿鼠为一组,其余种类为另一组。
This paper deals with the comparicon of C-banding pattorns of all Rattas specics(8 speces) in China. And there are some differences among theis C-banded karyotypes .
The cvolution of C-banding patterns of 8 spceics of rats has been studied, and the following tactors maybe facilitate karyotypic variability, loss of centromeric heterochromatin, interstitial heterochromatin, terminal hclcroch-romatin and hcterochromatic arms.
Based on the different characteristics of C-banded karyotypes. R, yunn-anensis ,R. sikkimmensis and R. turkcstanicus may be classified into three independent species. Moreover, a cluster dendrogram has been presented in this paper by the fuzzy aggregation. It shows that these 8 species are able to diviele into two groups:R. rattus sladeni R. sikkimensis for the first group and R. fluvipectus, R. yunnancnsis. R. nitidus, R. losca, R. turkestanicus and R, norveyicns for the sccond.
关键词
C带
核型
家鼠
分类
模糊聚类
Rattus, C-bandcd karyotype, Classification, Fuzzy aggregation
