大黄、穿心莲、板蓝根和金银花对异育银鲫免疫机能的影响

Effects of four species of herbs on immune function of Carassius auratus gibelio

用分别含1%(质量分数)的大黄、穿心莲、板蓝根和金银花水提取物的饵料连续28d饲喂异育银鲫(Carassiusauratusgibelio),在不同时间取样,测定其血液白细胞的吞噬活性、血清和体表粘液的溶菌酶活性。结果表明,大黄、穿心莲、板蓝根和金银花可使异育银鲫血液白细胞的吞噬活性有明显提高。投喂药饵后4d,吞噬百分比(PP)与对照组相比均有极显著差异(P<0.01);投喂药饵后4d或7d,吞噬指数(IP)与对照组相比有显著(P<0.05)或极显著差异;在停投药饵后的10d,PP、IP与对照组相比仍有极显著差异。同时,投喂这4种中草药后,异育银鲫血清和体表粘液溶菌酶的活性也有明显提高,但体表粘液溶菌酶活性远远高于血清中溶菌酶活性。投喂药饵7d后,溶菌酶的活性与对照组之间有极显著差异;但在停止投药后10d,溶菌酶的活性与对照组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。

Four species of herbs (dry)-Rheum officinale, Andrographis paniculata, Isatis indigotica and Lonicera japonica-were employed. Each species, at the weight ratio of 1% diet, was decocted three times and every time for 60 min. The three times of solution were concentrated, and mixed with the diets (mixed diets). The Carassius auratus gibelio were fed with the mixed diets, respectively, for 28 d and then stopped to eat normal diet. For the four groups of R.officinale, A.paniculata, I.indigotica and L.japonica, the phagocytic activities of white blood cell in C.auratus gibelio increased notably, and the phagocytosis percentage (PP ) was significantly higher than the control (normal diet) 4 d after the mixed diets were fed (P<0.01). The phagocytic index (PI ) was significantly different compared with the control 4 d after the treatment and extremely significantly different 7 d after the treatment. Ten days after the fish stopped feeding the mixed diets, their PP and PI were both significantly higher than control (P<0.01). Also, the lysozyme activities in the serum and the body surface mucus increased obviously that after feeding the mixed diets for 7 d, the fish all had extremely significant difference in lysozyme activity compared with control but this significant difference disappeared 10 d after the fish stopped feeding mixed diet (P>0.05).