三类口语考试题型的评分研究

A study of the scoring of three types of oral test items

本文通过对汉语作为第二语言口语考试中三类题型的评分研究 ,探讨了口语考试评分的客观化问题。我们探讨的客观化评分方法包括 0 1制评分和在操作性定义口语水平的基础上制定的分项客观化评分。通过实际施测和评分 ,本研究检验了客观化评分的信度和效度。研究结果表明 ,0 1制评分具有良好的信效度 ,在其中两类题型的评分中具有较高的可行性。分项客观化评分对保证评分信度有较大贡献 ,其共时效度也比较好 ,但是结构效度不很理想。

After a study of the scoring of three types of oral test items, we have explored in this paper the question of how to make the scoring objective. The scoring methods we discuss here include the 0/1 scoring system and the discrete objective scoring based on the operationally defined oral competence. We have examined the validity and reliability of these methods by using them in actual tests and scoring. The result shows that the former method is satisfactorily reliable and valid and it is especially practical in two of the three types of oral test items while the latter method contributes considerably to sure reliability, it is good in synchronic validity, but not good enough in its construct validity.