牙槽嵴植骨术后上颌骨生长变化规律及机制的实验研究

The Research on Effect of Alveolar Bone Grafting on Growth and Development of Maxilla in Rats

研究牙槽嵴植骨术对Wistar大白鼠上颌骨生长发育的影响及机制。选用 40只Wistar大白鼠 ,随机分为 4组 ,分别为空白对照组和第 4、6、8周龄手术组。应用定位X线头影测量技术 ,在术前和术后每隔两周对所有实验动物进行一次上颌骨长、宽、高三个方向生长发育状况的测量和比较。结果表明 :(1) 4周龄和 6周龄手术组 ,上颌骨长度及前部垂直高度均小于对照组。 (2 ) 8周龄手术组 ,上颌长度与对照组相比无显著性差异 ,但其前部高度发育与对照组相比有显著性差异。 (3)随手术时间的提前 ,上颌长度和前部高度的发育障碍更加严重。 (4 )与正常对照组相比 ,4周龄、6周龄和 8周龄手术组 ,上颌的宽度发育没有受到影响。结论 :牙槽嵴植骨术会严重影响上颌骨长度和高度的发育 。

In order to study the mechanism of alveolar bone grafting on the growth and development of maxilla in Wistar rats, forty purebred Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1:control group,receiving no treatment during the experiment;Group2,3,4 are the groups receiving alveolar bone grafting at 4th,6th,8th week respectively. By the means of cephalometric radiography, we got three dimensions(length,width,height)of the maxilla through examing and measuring. Results showed that horizontal dimension and sagittal dimension of the maxilla receiving alveolar bone grafting before the 8th week developed evidently insufficiently,and the earlier the operation performed,the worse the development was.But the width development was not affected by the operation and operating time. The defect of septopremaxillary ligament which may interfere the biostimulation to maxilla may be the principal reason of postoperative abnormal growth of maxilla.