古代汉语多标被动句试论

On Multi-marked Passive Sentences in Classical Chinese

所谓多标被动句 ,即句中含有两个以上语标的被动句。按句中含语标多少 ,可将多标被动句分为三种类型 ,即双标被动句、三标被动句及四标被动句。多标被动句是由单标或双标被动句杂糅而成的。无论是双标被动句 ,还是三标、四标被动句 ,其中有一个语标为主标 ,其他一个或二个、三个语标则为次标。主标表明句子的被动性质 ,次标起凑足音节。

It is called a multi\|marked passive sentence when there are more than two passive marks in the sentence. According to the number of the passive marks, they are divided into three sentence patterns: bimarked passive sentence, trimarked passive sentence and quadrimarked passive sentence. A multi\|marked passive sentence is mixed by monomarked or bimarked passive sentences. But whichever sentence pattern it is, in a sentence there is only one primary passive mark which decides the quality of the sentence while the others are secondary ones which help to gather enough syllables or make the temperament smooth and harmonious.