球形棕囊藻(Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel)赤潮成因分析

Analysis on the cause of Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel red tide

对 1997年冬季和 1999年夏季发生于广东省饶平柘林湾海域的棕囊藻赤潮进行了现场调查和监测 .结果表明 ,棕囊藻赤潮的爆发是海洋环境变化和棕囊藻自身特性共同决定的 .长期集约化养殖引起柘林湾海域的N、P、Fe、Mn浓度较高 ,特别是Fe浓度明显高于广东沿海的其它海区 ,为赤潮的爆发提供了物质基础 .棕囊藻增殖过程中对DIN(可溶性无机氮 )的需求量较高 ,特别对NO-3 N有明显的主动吸收 .与DIP(可溶性无机氮 )相比 ,海水DIN浓度恢复速率较慢 ,可能成为限制棕囊藻赤潮的规模和持续时间的关键因子 .海水温度的异常增高及降雨量偏少与棕囊藻赤潮的发生紧密相关 .

Investigation and monitoring on Phaeocystis red tides in Zhelin Bay, Guangdong province were carried out in winter of 1997 and summer of 1999. The study revealed that Phaeocystis red tide was caused by environmental changes and intrinsic feature of Phaeocystis jointly. The high level nutrients, especially Fe, received from long-term aquaculture, provided material base for the red tide. Phaeocystis preferred NO - 3-N during proliferation, and DIN might become key factor restricted the scale and duration of the red tide. There were close relations between sea water temperature, precipitation and the occurrences of Phaeocystis red tide.