三川河流域水沙变化水文分析

Hydrological Analysis of Water and Sediment Evolution in Sanchuan River Basin

根据三川河流域实测降雨、洪水、泥沙资料,在统计分析和探讨产洪产沙机理的基础上,应用数理统计学原理,通过逐步回归分析建立了降雨产洪产沙数学模型,并用之计算了三川河流域1970—1996年水土保持综合治理措施的减洪减沙效益,对三川河流域20世纪90年代水沙变化进行了重点分析,还采用另外4种水文分析方法进行了平行计算和验证,取得了比较理想和真实的结果,为全面分析流域综合治理成效提供了科学依据。对三川河流域降雨资料的系列化处理方法、径流系数变化趋势以及河道冲淤变化情况进行了分析,其研究方法对黄河中游其它多沙粗沙支流的水沙变化研究具有重要的借鉴作用。

By statistic analysis of surveyed data of precipitation, the flood and sediment of Sanchuan river basin, the mechanism of sediment transportation is probed, and a mathematical model of precipitationfloodsediment transportation is set up through regression analysis. This model has been successfully used to calculate the sediment and the flood reducing benefits by soil and water conservation measures in Sanchuan river basin from 1970 to 1996, the sediment and flood variation in 1990s are analyzed emphatically. Another four kinds of hydroanalysis methods are also been used to verify the results. A serialization method for processing precipitation data and inclination of runoff coefficient variation as well as the variation of riverbed erosion and deposition are also analyzed. This method can be used for reference to other branches of the middle reaches of Yellow river with rich and coarse sediment. 