日光温室晚春茬生菜渗灌技术试验研究

Application of Subsurface Irrigation in Lettuce Cultivated in Late Spring in Solar Plastic Greenhouses

采用埋深 1 0 cm的微孔渗灌管对日光温室晚春茬生菜进行了渗灌试验 ,并与沟灌进行了对比。结果表明 ,晚春茬生菜采用渗灌有明显的节水增产效果 ,与沟灌相比可节水 1 9.0 %、增产 1 5 .4 %。通过与栽培措施相结合采用渗灌成功地进行了生菜的定植。渗灌管浅埋灌水可以使表层土壤较快地湿润 ,并达到蔬菜生长所要求的水分 ,同时显著减少灌溉水的深层渗漏 ,提高灌溉水的利用率。温室生菜的田间蒸散量与温室内的蒸发力有直接关系 ,生育期内的日平均田间蒸散量为 2 .0 8mm/d,比沟灌温室内的高。

A field experiment was carried out to study the suitability of subsurface irrigation techniques with filter tubes buried 10 cm under surface in lettuce cultivated in late spring in solar plastic greenhouse. Compared with furrow irrigation, 19.0% of irrigation water was reduced and yield raises about 15.4% under the subsurface irrigation system. Provided cultivation model was considered well when filter tubes were buried,a suitable soil moisture environment can be formed with the subsurface irrigation system for a success transplantation. With buried the filter tubes shallowly, surface soil could be wetted rapidly and watered enough for lettuce growth, deep percolation reduced noticeably, and irrigation water use efficiency improved obviously. Evapotranspiration of lettuce have a good correlation with air evaporation potential in greenhouse. The mean daily evapotranspiration rate in lettuce growing season in solar plastic greenhouse was 2.08 mm under surface irrigation, and is higher than one under furrow irrigation.