试论20世纪教育领域中认识论的变革

Discussion on the Change of Epistemology in the Field of Education in the 20th Century

20世纪的教育发生了巨大的变化,其中最根本的变化是认识论的更新,表现为:唯理性认识论向经验认识论和建构认识论的转化;整体认识论向个体认识论的转化;接受认识论向创造认识论的转化。这些变革对教育的其他变革是基础性的和根本性的,促进了相应的学生观、教育观和教育实践的改进。

It changes greatly in the field of education in the 20th century in which the change of epistemology is essential and basic. The main trends of change of epistemology are that, rationalistic epistemology is being replaced by empirical and constructionist epistemology, identical and epistemology convert into personalized epistemology, passive and receiving knowing is denied but active and creative knowing was emphasized. All of those changes are essential and basic for other innovation in education, which promote the improvement of the perspectives for students, instruction and educational practice.