精神病患者医院感染性腹泻的发病状况调查及护理干预

The clinical characteristics and nursing intervention of hospital infectious diarrhea in psychiatric patients

目的 :探讨精神病患者并发医院感染性腹泻的发病状况与控制措施。方法 :对本院 1997年 6月至 2 0 0 1年 8月住院治疗的精神病患者 80 91例中并发医院感染性腹泻患者的发病状况进行调查分析。于 1999年下半年开始对 410 7例患者进行护理干预 ,并研究干预对患者医院感染性腹泻感染率的影响。结果 :干预前精神病患者并发医院感染性腹泻的感染率为 3 .87%。临床表现 :83例伴消化不良与胃肠道症状 (3 6.73 % ) ,3 9例有肠胀气、肠麻痹、肠梗阻、水与电解质紊乱及休克 (17.2 6% ) ,1例死亡 (0 .44 % ) ,10 3例腹泻无其他症状 (45 .83 % )。实验室检查结果 :共检出病原微生物 14种 ,除福氏痢疾杆菌外 ,其余均为条件致病菌 ,且伴多重抗生素耐药。对医院感染性腹泻采取护理干预措施后 ,患者医院感染性腹泻感染率由 3 .87%下降至 1.75 % ,感染率差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :精神病患者医院感染性腹泻的感染率高 ,应引起重视 ,但采取适当的护理干预后 。

Objective: To study the prevalence and characteristics of psychiatric patients with hospital infections diarrhea.Method:The data of 8091 psychiatric inpatients from June 1997 to Aug 2001 were collected. In the middle of investigation (late in 1999), we adopted preventive intervention for hospital infectious diarrhea and observed the effects of the intervention. Results: 226 psychiatric patients complicated with hospital infectious diarrhea. The prevalence was 3.87%. 103 patients(45.58%) without other symptoms, 83(36.73%)patients with indigestion and gastroenteric symptoms, 39 patients(17.29%) with flatulence?intestinal obstruction?water and electrolytic dysfunction or shock,one patient died. Laboratory study found 14 kinds of micro-organism,all were conditioned bacteria except one Coli dysentery. Most of the bacteria were multi-antibiotic tolerant. After adopting the preventive intervention,the rate of hospital infectious diarrhea was decreased from 3.87% to 1.75%. Conclusion:The prevalence of hospital infectious diarrhea in psychiatric patients was high, but we can decrease the prevalence of hospital infectious diarrhea by adopting some preventive intervention.