物种多样性与植物系统发育

Species diversity in relation to phylogenetic traits of plant

通过植物系统发育过程中古老和年轻类群的生活型构成、地理分布和物种多样性格局以及纬度地带性植物群落和海拔梯度上垂直地带性植物群落生活型构成和物种多样性分析,探讨了植物群落物种多样性与植物系统发育的关系。主要结论是:资源生产力的变迁始终贯穿于植物系统发育与物种多样性形成的全过程,高生产力的环境发育和保存了古老的植物区系和最大的物种多样性;低生产力的环境为现代植物种系演化发生创造了条件,植物区系组成中以年轻成分为主,植物群落物种多样性发育程度较低。

This paper, based on an analysis of life form, species diversity in both zonal plant communities and some derived and old families of angiosperm, has probed into the relationship between species diversity and the phylogenetic traits of plants. The results showed that :(1) The most derived families had higher species diversity associated with the wide spread geographical distribution and with herbs being the dominant life form. However, the oldest families had lower species diversity accompanied with woody plants being the dominant life form and with tropical areas being the main geographical distribution area. (2)Plant communities occurred in the lower latitude were characterized by a higher percentage of woody plants, while herbs were the dominant plants in the high latitude area, suggesting that those communities in the low latitude were much older in terms of phylogenetic trait than those in the high latitude area, reflecting the latitudinal zonal trait of plant phylogeny. (3)Species diversity of plant communities in the lower latitudinal area were much higher than that of the high latitudinal area, reflecting the zonal trait of plant species. A general conclusion on this issue was expected: the dynamics of resource productivity was a decisive factor shaping the pattern of species and phylogenetic traits of plant in a given plant community. Habitats with higher resource productivity were cradles for both higher species diversity and the oldest plant flora, while those with lower resource productivity were favorable for the deriving of plants, but unfavorable for the prosperity of species diversity.