对吸烟患者再植断指血管危象发生率的调查

Survey of vascular crisis of replanted digit in smokers

目的 :了解长期吸烟患者断指再植术后血管危象的发生率 ,探讨有效的护理措施。方法 :采用问卷调查法 ,对吸烟组10 3例 (177指 )与不吸烟组 76例 (13 1指 )进行了调查 ,观察记录再植断指血管危象发生情况 ,并进行统计学分析。结果 :吸烟组血管危象发生率明显高于不吸烟组 (χ2 =6.3 7,P <0 .0 5 ) ;吸烟组血管危象救治成功率明显低于不吸烟组 (χ2 =8.2 1,P <0 .0 1) ;吸烟患者每日吸烟量与血管危象发生率的关系有显著统计学意义 (χ2 =10 .93 3 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ;吸烟患者的吸烟年限与血管危象发生率的关系不明显 (χ2 =0 .2 2 9,P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :长期吸烟可使再植断指血管危象的发生率增高 ,应加强对断指再植长期吸烟患者的健康教育及术后护理 。

Objective: To study the vascular crisis incidence of replanted digits in the smokers and inquire the effective postoperative nursing. Method: Questionnaires were used to investigate the smoking group 103 men (177 severed fingers) and to observe the vascular crisis incidence of replanted digits. Results: The rate of vascular crisis in smokers was higher than that in non-smokers ( χ 2= 6.37 ,P <0.05); The surviving rate of replanted digits after vascular crisis in smokers was lower than that in non-smokers ( χ 2= 8.21 ,P <0.01); The everyday cigarette amount in long-term smokers was related to the rate of vascular crisis ( χ 2=0.229,P < 0.05 ); Howerer, the years of smoking was not related to the rate of vascular crisis ( χ 2=10.933,P >0.05). Conclusion: Long-term smoking increased the vascular crisis incidence of replanted digits. Postoperative nursing and health education should be strengthened for the smokers with digit replantation in order to prevent the vascular crisis.