山东省主要河流中抗生素污染组成及空间分布特征

Composition and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Antibiotics in Main Rivers of Shandong Province

采用固相萃取-液相色谱/串联质谱法研究了山东省境内四大流域主要河流中抗生素污染组成及空间分布特征,涉及我国用量最大的6类共20种抗生素。结果表明:20种抗生素均有检出,且大环内酯类、喹诺酮类和四环素类抗生素整体检出浓度较高。就流域而言,半岛诸河流域抗生素污染较小,平均总质量浓度61.4 ng/L;海河流域、小清河流域和淮河流域相对较为严重,平均总质量浓度分别为232、175、118 ng/L。抗生素空间分布呈现一定的规律,检出浓度较高的点位主要集中在人口密集区下游,抗生素污染与周边生活污水、养殖企业废水和城市污水处理厂排水密切相关,而且抗生素组成可从一定程度上反映出污染来源。

Composition and spatial distribution characteristics of 20 antibiotics in four river basins of Shandong province were studied, involving 6 types of antibiotics. The surface water samples were determined using solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS) method. Results showed that 20 kinds of antibiotics were all detected, and the concentrations of macrolides, quinolones and tetracyclines in samples were higher than others. The average total concentration of antibiotics in Peninsula River Basin was lowest(61.4 ng/L). The antibiotic pollution of Hai River Basin, Huai River Basin and Xiaoqing River Basin was relatively serious, with average total concentrations 232, 175, 118 ng/L, respectively. Relatively high concentrations of antibiotics mainly occurred in the downstream of densely populated areas. The antibiotic pollution was closely related resident sewage, aquaculture waste water and urban sewage treatment plants, and the composition of antibiotics reflected the pollution sources in a certain extent.