氮素用量和密度对玉米营养体产量的影响

Effect of nitrogen application and sowing density on the vegetative yield of corn

研究了氮素施用量和密度对玉米营养体产量的影响。结果表明,增施氮素和增加种植密度对玉米营养体产量有显著的增产效应,在密度为15万株/hm2,施氮237kg/hm2时,玉米营养体产量最高,为32584.7kg/hm2;比常规种植密度9万株/hm2增产26%。玉米营养体产量乳熟期最大,适宜收割期宜在灌浆期。营养体生产较籽实生产收获期提前了50d,利用玉米营养体收获后的生长余季(8月1日10月20日)生产毛叶苕子营养体,二者合计生产绿色营养体3.88万kg/hm2,粗蛋白5638.51kg/hm2,分别是籽实生产的1.5、3.77倍。光、热、水生产效率较籽实生产提高了47.8%。

The effects of nitrogen application and sowing density on vegetative yield in maize were studied. The results indicated that the nitrogen application and high sowing density had obivous effects on the vegetative yield of corn. When the sowing density was 1.5×104 plant/ha and the nitrogen application was 237 kg/ha, the vegetative yield was highest (3.26×104 kg/ha), which was 26% up on that of 9×104 plant/ha. During milk stage, the yield of vegetative mass was the highest and it was the appropriate time for harvest. The harvest time of vegetative mass advanced 50 d than that of the kernels. Using the remaining season for planting hairy vetch after the corn was harvested, the total vegetative yield of corn and hairy vetch was 3.88×104 kg/ha, and the crude protein reached 5 638.51 kg/ha, which were 1.5 and 3.77 times over that of the kernel products respectively. The efficiency of light, heat and water could be increased by 47.8%.