1998～2000年954株烧伤感染菌耐药性调查分析

Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance in 954 Strains of Bacteria Isolated fromBurn Wounds during 1998-2000

目的 调查烧伤创面分离菌对抗菌药物的耐药状况。方法 收集临床分离的致病菌,采用纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。结果 在检出的954株细菌中,金黄色葡萄球菌居首位,检出率为27.5％;其次为铜绿假单胞菌,检出率为19.5％;以后依次为表皮葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、肺炎克雷白杆菌和阴沟肠杆菌,检出率分别为10.4％、6.8％、4.1％和2.6％。万古霉素对金黄色葡萄球菌100％敏感;铜绿假单胞菌对第三代头胞菌素和亚胺培南耐药性显著增加;除铜绿假单胞菌外,其它细菌对阿米卡星的耐药率都有不同程度的降低。结论 细菌耐药性日益严重,随时进行细菌耐药性监测、合理应用抗生素是控制和延缓细菌耐药性的关键。

Objective To survey the changes in antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from burn wounds. Methods Diffusion tests were used to measure the antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated from burn wounds. Results The positive rate of S. aureus in the culture of 954 strains of bacteria occupied the first position(27. 5% ). The second was P. aeruginosia( 19. 5% ) to be followed by S. epidermidis, entero-coccus faecalis, klebsiella pneumoiae and enterobacter cloacae (10.4% , 6.8% , 4. 1% and 2.6% , respec-tirely). S. aureus was 100% sensitive to vancomycin. Resistance of P. aeruginosa to the third generation cephalosporins and imipenem increased significantly. The resistance percentage of amikacin to the most isolates with exception to P. aeruginosa reduced in varying degrees. Conclusion It is important to survey periodically the changes of antibiotic resistance. The rational application of antibiotic is the key measure for controlling and delaying antibiotic resistance.